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Trump Defines Make America Great Again

American campaign slogan

Trump's "Make America Bully Again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign before Trump selected Mike Pence equally his vice presidential running mate

"Make America Great Again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Let'southward Make America Dandy Once again" in his successful 1980 presidential entrada. Pecker Clinton also used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential entrada and used it over again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful 2008 presidential primary campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump'southward use of the phrase "probably the near resonant campaign slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in pass up.[ii] [3]

The slogan became a pop civilisation phenomenon, seeing widespread employ and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, being used by those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link it to racism in the Us, regarding information technology equally domestic dog-whistle politics and coded language.[4] [5] [6] [7] The slogan was besides at the center of two events originally reported inaccurately in most media outlets, the Jussie Smollett assault hoax and the Jan 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[viii] [9] [10] [11]

Utilize before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was first used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a voice communication at the third session of the 76th United states Congress in anticipation of the 1940 United States presidential election: "What is the way? Here is America. There are 130,000,000 of us. America needs a leader who tin coordinate labor, majuscule, and direction; who can requite the man of enterprise encouragement, who tin give them the spirit which will beget vision. That volition make America great once more."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was found in some advertising associated with Barry Goldwater'south unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[thirteen]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Let'south make America swell over again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan'due south 1980 presidential entrada. At the time the United States was suffering from a worsening economy at domicile marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the country'due south economical distress as a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism amongst the electorate.[14] [xv] [xvi] [17] Within his acceptance speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without task opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, particularly in the inner cities where they alive. For those who've abandoned promise, nosotros'll restore hope and we'll welcome them into a great national crusade to brand America great again."[18] [19]

Pecker Clinton [edit]

The phrase was also used in speeches[twenty] by Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton likewise used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton'southward 2008 presidential chief campaign.[22]

During the 2016 balloter campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump's version, used as a campaign rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give you lot an economy you lot had 50 years ago, and... movement you support on the social totem pole and other people down."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell'south book about her unsuccessful 2010 bid as the Republican nominee for a US Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin's Press on Baronial xvi, 2011, as Troublemaker: Let's Do What Information technology Takes to Make America Great Once more.[24]

Use by Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Make America Nifty Once again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump made a argument in which he said he was unwilling to dominion out running as a presidential candidate in the future, explaining "I must leave all of my options open because, above all else, we must make America great once again."[25] Too in December 2011, he published a book using as a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #one Again" – which in a 2015 reissue was inverse to "Make America Great Once again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Make America Slap-up Again" past stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On January 1, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of State'southward function to create the "Brand America Corking Again Party", which would have allowed Trump to be that party's nominee if he had decided to get a third-party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November vii, 2012, the mean solar day later Barack Obama won his reelection against Mitt Romney. Past his own account, Trump first considered "Nosotros Will Make America Great", but did not feel like it had the right "ring" to it. "Make America Corking" was his next slogan idea, simply upon further reflection, he felt that information technology was a slight to America because it implied that America was never smashing. After selecting "Make America Great Again", Trump immediately had an attorney annals it. (Trump after said he was unaware of Reagan'southward utilise in 1980 until 2015, just noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On November 12 he signed an application with the United states Patent and Trademark Office requesting sectional rights to utilize the slogan for political purposes. It was registered as a service mark on July 14, 2015, later on Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [30] Trump used the slogan in public as early as August 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Make America Great Again" on a roadside in California shortly after the Nov 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Keep America Keen" hat in December 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump often used the slogan, especially by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which shortly became popular among his supporters.[32] The slogan was so important to the campaign that at one point it spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or television commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the real hat ten to one. "...just information technology was a slogan, and every time somebody buys 1, that'south an advertisement."[28]

Following Trump's ballot, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would exist "Keep America Great" and he sought to trademark information technology.[28] [34] Nonetheless, Trump's 2020 campaign continued to apply the "Make America Great Again" slogan.[35] Trump'south vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America corking again, again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule and comparisons to the catchphrase "again-again" from Teletubbies.[36] [37] In belatedly 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was also mocked.[38]

Less than a week after Trump left office, he spoke to advisors virtually maybe establishing a third party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Political party" or "Make America Great Again Party". In his first few days out of office, he also supported Arizona state party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who besides called for the creation of a "MAGA Party". In late January 2021, the erstwhile president viewed the proposed MAGA Party equally leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to convict him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the Firm.[39] [40]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself by tweeting "My utilise of social media is non Presidential – information technology's Modernistic Solar day PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Great Again!" on July 1, 2017.[41]

In the first half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[42] In an article for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post'southward retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the boilerplate Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[42]

Trump attributed his victory (in role) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[43] Co-ordinate to RiteTag,[44] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter alone include: i,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and 3,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[44]

Donald Trump set upward his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the announcement (June sixteen, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential ballot, with particularly notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Party nomination (May iii, 2016) and afterward winning the presidency.[45]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its utilise since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Vocalism of America journalist, among others,[v] [half-dozen] explained how information technology is a loaded phrase because information technology "doesn't just appeal to people who hear it equally racist coded language, but also to those who have felt a loss of status equally other groups have become more than empowered."[iv] As Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates as America Kickoff did in the early 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed earlier it was diluted with other races and other people."[46]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Brand America Great Once more' hat is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. But if you wear one, it'southward a pretty practiced indication that you share, adore or appreciate President Trump's racist views about Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[half dozen] The Detroit Free Press and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are evidence of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[47] [48] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan equally "fabulous", writing: "It was vague enough to appeal to optimists by and large, while leaving enough of room for bitter and resentful voters to conclude that nosotros were finally going back to the days when they ran the world."[49] Polling has shown that about ten percent of black voters identified as Trump supporters,[50] [ non-primary source needed ] while virtually thirty percent of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[51] [ better source needed ]

Australian political commentator and sometime Liberal party leader John Hewson writes in January 2018 that he believes the recent global movements confronting traditional politics and politicians are based on racism and prejudice. He comments: "There should be little doubt about United states of america President Donald Trump's views on race, despite his occasional 'denials', assertions of 'imitation news', and/or his semantic distinctions. His ballot campaign theme was finer a promise to 'Make America Great Again; America First and Just' and—nod, nod, wink, wink—to Brand America White Once again."[52]

Employ past others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals – and Merely Liberals – Can Win the State of war on Terror and Make America Great Again [53] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr after the Invasion of Iraq and early years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book about her Republican Senate entrada in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Let'southward Exercise What It Takes To Make America Great Over again.[54]

After Donald Trump popularized the utilise of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his election campaign and to his politics. Trump's primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Keen Once again" in speeches, inciting Trump to ship cease-and-desist letters to them.[28] Cruz later sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Debate Again", in response to Trump'due south boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2016, debate.[55] The phrase has likewise been parodied in political statements, such as "Make America Mexico Again", a critique of Trump'due south immigration policies regarding the U.S.–Mexico border.[56] [57]

Apply by political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that great" during a September 2018 bill signing.[58] [59] One-time US Attorney Full general Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did you call back America was great?"[sixty] [61] During John McCain's memorial service on September i, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no need to be fabricated nifty over again considering America was ever great."[62] Trump afterward tweeted "Brand AMERICA Cracking Over again!" later that day.[63]

Use past hate groups [edit]

A 2018 study using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks institute that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were ordinarily used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive infinite" for far-right extremists globally.[64]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The last judgement of the speech delivered by him was "make our planet great again."[65]

During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, former opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "brand Indonesia great again", though he denied having copied Trump.[66]

During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Democratic Party used the slogan "Make EU Lagom Again".[67] [68]

February 2019 Fridays for Future protest in Berlin with the line "Brand Earth Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Movement have often used slogans like "Brand Earth Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[69] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary flick named Make the World Greta Again.[70]

The Spanish far right party VOX used equally slogan "Hacer a España grande otra vez", or "Make Spain Cracking Again".[71] [72]

In popular civilization [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Brand America Rage Once more" stage backdrop reminiscent of the "Brand America Keen Again" catchphrase as information technology appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult amusement [edit]

  • Adult picture star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took function in a "Make America Horny Again" strip club bout. The bout followed Trump's initial 2016 entrada trail and part of the revenue was donated to Planned Parenthood.[73]

Ad [edit]

  • A Douse-a-roos marketing campaign used the slogan "Make America Dunk Again".[74]

Artwork [edit]

  • Make Everything Great Again was a street art mural past artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[75] [76]

One-act [edit]

  • Comedian David Cantankerous's 2016 stand-up tour was titled "Making America Slap-up Again".[77]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers challenge an clan with Developed Swim and Drawing Network, and dressed as the World Merchandise Eye during the September eleven attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Bang-up Again" hats.[78] [79] [eighty]

Fashion [edit]

  • Manner Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Not bad Again" Official presidential campaign Flag to design a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to wear on Red Carpet eastward.chiliad. 2017 Grammy Awards.[81]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Brand Sandford Dandy Again" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[82]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Great Once more" fez chapeau in one scene.[83]
  • The Syfy moving picture Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Brand America Bait Again".[84]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Election Year (2016) is "Keep America Corking" (a phrase Trump would later use as his 2020 campaign slogan); one of the Goggle box spots for the film featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with i stating he does so "to keep my state [America] great".[85] The next flick in the franchise, The First Purge, was after advertised with a poster featuring its title stylized on a MAGA hat.[86]
  • The character Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an gorging Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the film.[87]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin'south Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Slap-up Again" during his campaign against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombat11 newcomer Kollector to "make Outworld peachy again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Free Again" in its marketing campaign.[88]
  • In Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Brand America Great Again" during his speech while contesting Raiden.[89]
  • In Hitman two (2018 video game), an elusive targed named Vincente Murillo is shown doing a broadcast nether the slogan Haz que Colombia bounding main grande otra vez .[ninety]

Music [edit]

  • Fall Out Boy released a remix of their anthology American Beauty/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Over again.[91]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 called One thousand.A.T.A, significant Make America Trap Once again.[92]
  • Make America Rock Again was a rock concert bout.[93]
  • Rap stone supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Motorcar, Public Enemy and Cypress Hill, called their 2017 nationwide tour the "Brand America Rage Again Tour", using a stage properties reminiscent of a MAGA hat.
  • UK musician and author James Kennedy released a rock protestation album in 2020 called 'Make Acrimony Great Once again'[94]
  • Snoop Dogg released a vocal titled "Make America Crip Again".[95]
  • Frank Turner released a vocal called "Brand America Great Again" on his album Be More Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a single "Make America Swell Once more" a few months later on appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' apparel.[96]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a hat proverb Make America Skate again in Risk the Rapper'due south video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Make America Trap Over again (2019), with cover art inspired by the Barack Obama "Promise" poster.[97]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Make America Great Over again.[98]
  • Metal band Thy Art Is Murder released a song chosen "Make America Hate Again" on their album Man Target (2019). They also sell a hat with the slogan "Brand Deathcore Great Over again".

Sports [edit]

  • And so-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a hat saying "Make Baseball Fun Again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia East. Butler used "Brand America Great Again" equally the presidential campaign slogan for a grapheme, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[99] Jarret is described equally "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled faith and government together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[100]
  • Author Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Again",[101] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Tv set [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his testify Last Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment defended to Trump, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original ancestral proper noun of the Trump family.[102] [103] The segment bankrupt HBO viewership records, garnering 85 million views.[103]
  • In the South Park episode "Where My State Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump's, are seen holding signs bearing the slogan.[104]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What'southward Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "brand the Empire glorious again", a line that was compared to Trump past many reviewers.[105] [106] [107] [108]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[1]

References [edit]

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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

espieroustich.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again